May 9th become Russia’s Victory Day. That day commemorates the capitulation of Germany Nazi to the Soviet Union. It happened at the end of the second world war. The day was known as the Great Patriotic War.
The day of victory was first celebrated in 1945. It came after the signing of the recapitulation document on May 8, 1945. After midnight, the Soviet government announced its victory in Moscow. This feast became the only non-labor day in 1965 in the Soviet Republic. How about History of Victory Day in Russia? Read also Labor Day as Spring Day in Russia
- Prince Rurik
The history of Russia began in 862 AD when Prince Rurik ruled in Novgorod. In 862 the Slavs living north around Novgorod were always at war with each other. To end the feud, they contacted their neighbor to the north. That is the Scandinavians. Scandinavians called Russians as the Varangian nation. This nation is led by Rurik. Rurik with his troops entered Novgorod and became the holder of power against the Russians. You may also read Bear as Culture Symbol in Russia
- Kiev Rus
Prince Oleg’s successor Prince Oleg extended his government to the north and occupied Kiev. The central government moved the capital to Kiev. In the early twentieth century, the Slavs were fragmented. Such as Novgorod, Kiev and others. Now the nations joined under Prince Oleg’s rule. The government is called Rus. In 988 in the reign of Vladimir, Kiev Rus embraced Orthodox religion of Greece. The Government of Kiev Rus thrives in both the economy and trade. Relations with governments in Western Europe and elsewhere are also quite good. In addition, it also developed the field of education. Among others, the writings of the Slavs after the introduction of Orthodox religion. The Slavic letter was created by two priests, Cyril and Mefodiy called “Cyrillic”.
- The Collapse of Russia
During the reign of Yaroslav Mudry (Yaroslav the Wise), Kiev Rus became one of the greatest governments. The city of Kiev became one of the most important cultural centers in Europe. Then during the reign of Vladimir Monomakh, grandson of Yaroslav Mudry, Kiev Rus developed a relationship with the West. There was a power struggle after the king died. The seizure of power took place on the royal descendants. Finally the royal Kiev Rus collapsed after the Mongols attacked. At that time the Mongols were led by Stone Khan, the grandson of Gengis Khan. See also Dining Etiquette in Russia
- The Capital of Russia
Moscow, which is currently the capital of Russia, was founded in 1147 by Prince Yury Dolgoruky. While St. Petersburg was founded in 1703 by Emperor Peter I. The city was built as a port city and a gateway to Europe. During his reign, Peter I undertook reforms of domestic and foreign policy of the Russian government. Among other renewal in the body of the armed forces, government and education apparatus. In 1712 St. Petersburg become the capital of Russia.
- Alexander Era
During his reign, the imperator Alexander II abolished the system of slavery in 1861. In 1917 the monarchy’s power collapsed as a result of the February Revolution. At that time Emperor Nikolai II was forced to abdicate. The government turned to the interim administration. Then on September 1, 1917, Aleksandre Kerensky decided that the Russian Empire was changed to the Russian Republic.
- Emergence of Party in Russia
After the February 1917 Revolution the interim government could not stop the turmoil in Russia. As a result, the Bolshevik Party (Russian Social Democratic Workers Party / RSDRP) controlled the Russian government. The party is under the leadership of Vladimir Lenin. As a result of the October 25 (November 7 – Gregorian) revolution of 1917, a Soviet Russia was formed based on the decision of the 2nd All-Russia House Congress.
- The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
The years 1918 to 1922 became an important note in Russian history. In 1918-1922 there was a civil war between opponents of the Bolsheviks (white) and supporters of the Bolsheviks (red).
December 30, 1922 Soviet Russia with Ukraine and Belarus and the Federation of the Caucasus Region formed the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Joseph Lenin was following the government after Lenin’s death in 1924. Year 1929-1939 happened period of industrialization. Read also History of The Labor Day in Russia
In 1939-1940 as a result of a series of political and war actions, several other regions joined the Soviet Union. Such as western Belarus, western Ukraine, Moldova, western Karelia and the Baltic region. These areas had previously been part of Russia. Because of its opposition to Finland, league of nations issuing Soviet Union.
- War With Germany
On 22 June 1941 there was a war against Germany. Germany and its allies have controlled many areas. But it can not control Moscow and Leningrad. The war ended in May 1945. Every May 9 Russia commemorated as Victory Day over Germany in World War II.
- Bloc Era
The mid-XX century was a cold war era between the eastern bloc and the western bloc. The eastern bloc is led by the Soviet Union and the western-led bloc of the United States. The Warsaw Pact helped the Soviet Union. All the competition of the two blocks requires a very large budget. Some other Soviet leaders were Leonid Brezhnev, Yuri Andropov and Konstantin Chernenko.
- Victory Day of Russia
In 1985 the head of government held by Mikhail Gorbachev initiated openness and restructuring. However, the politics caused a deep crisis and the destruction of the Soviet Union and the transition from socialist to capitalist. The states of the Soviet Union asked the central government to become a sovereign state. On June 12, 1990 the Congress of the Soviet People’s Representatives of Russia declared the Soviet Soviet Soviet government’s declaration of government. Next on June 12 become celebration of Russia’s victory day.
On December 8, 1991, Soviet states declared their Sovereignty. These countries left the Soviet Union. Then on December 25, 1991, the Soviet flag turned into a three-color Russian flag.
- After Victory Day
After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the government of the Russian Federation was led by President Boris Yeltsin since 1991. Russian political development at that time was accompanied by economic reforms. But the development of Russia’s economics didn’t go well.
In the early 1990s privatization occurs in many companies. This policy can not help cover the huge debts of the state. In August 1998 there was a deterioration in the value of the Russian currency, the ruble against the world’s major currencies. The devaluation of 1998 greatly complicated the lives of Russian people. Beginning in 1999 the Russian economy began to rise again.
Toward the turn of 2000, President Boris Yeltsin resigned and Vladimir Putin become temporary official.
- Putin as Hero for Russia
In the March 2000 presidential election, Putin become President of the Russian Federation by electing. Putin seeks to restore Russia as a powerful and influential country in the world. In the 2000s the government undertook a series of social and economic reforms, such as taxation, land, pension funds, banking, employment, electrical energy and rail transport.
At that time, in the Russian economy there was stability of the state budget. In addition, growth in GDP, growth in industrial and agricultural production, development, real population income and also inflation decline.
To improve the welfare and standard of living of the people, in September 2005 Russian Government create “National Program”. The program builds on the health, education, housing and agriculture sectors. In 2000-2008 there was Russian economic growth and investment. Population revenues as a result of reforms, political stability and increased prices of Russian export goods.
Since serving as president, Putin has strengthened federal or central government. He nationalized a number of companies. This is to enlarge the influence of the central government and avoid the Russian split.
In May 2012, Vladimir Putin, become President of the Russian Federation, and Dmitry Medvedev become Prime Minister. Read also The Traditions of Christmas in Russia